Clinical and Basic Urology is published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. Journal content is selected purely on the basis of its educational value. Content is reviewed and selected from Wiley's medical journals by editors who belong to academic or medical institutions in Korea.

The selection, translation, production, and distribution of this material is made possible by sponsorship received by Aju Pharm Co., Ltd., Astellas Pharma Korea, Inc., Boryung Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Bukwang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceutical Corp., DAEWOONGPharmaceutical Co., Ltd, HANALL BIOPHARMA, Hanmi Pharmaceutical.Co.,Ltd., Ipsen Korea Ltd., Intuitive Surgical Korea, Ltd., JW Pharmaceutical, Yuhan Corporationfor the purpose of furthering medical education in Korea.

The sponsors provided funding/ sponsorship only. The sponsors played no role in the appointment of editors, in the selection, translation, writing, or in the production of this material. The only exception to this rule is when researchers at the sponsors are authors of papers that may be reproduced in this Digest Edition. Author affiliations in these and all instances are always clearly identified.

Editors were appointed by Wiley. Selection, translation, writing (where original commentaries are included), and production of this material was done under direction of the local editor in chief, by the editors and with assistance from Wiley editorial, translation, and production teams. The editor in chief and the editors of this publication were paid honoraria by Wiley to compensate them for their time and effort spent in selecting articles, checking the accuracy of translations and writing additional commentary.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner.